1. 1. 1. Overview
    1. 1.1. 1.1 Concept
    2. 1.2. 1.2 Properties
  2. 2. 2. Sensor technology
    1. 2.1. 2.1 Types
    2. 2.2. 2.2 Principle
    3. 2.3. 2.3 Displacement
      1. 2.3.1. 2.3.1 Simplest
      2. 2.3.2. 2.3.2 Resitance
      3. 2.3.3. 2.3.3 Capacitive [Approach Switch]
      4. 2.3.4. 2.3.4 Inductive[Approach switch]
      5. 2.3.5. 2.3.5 Bar-rier
      6. 2.3.6. 2.3.6 Laser Ranging
    4. 2.4. 2.4 Oil Pressure Sensor
      1. 2.4.1. 2.4.1 Simple
      2. 2.4.2. 2.4.2 Pressure sensor
    5. 2.5. 2.5 Oil temperate sensor
      1. 2.5.1. 2.5.1 Simple : Oil control switch
      2. 2.5.2. 2.5.2 Temperature Sensor
    6. 2.6. 2.6 Flow sensor
    7. 2.7. 2.7 Rotational speed sensor
    8. 2.8. 2.8 Intelligent
  3. 3. 3. Electro-hydraulic servo control & Electro-hydraulic proportional control
    1. 3.1. 3.1 Electro-hydraulic servo valve
      1. 3.1.1. Electro-hydraulic servo control
    2. 3.2. 3.2 Proportional Valve
      1. 3.2.1. 3.2.1 Direct acting proportional relief valve
      2. 3.2.2. 3.2.2 Pilot proportional relief valve
      3. 3.2.3. 3.2.3 Application
    3. 3.3. 3.3 Drive Circuit
    4. 3.4. 3.4 Flutter technology [PWM]
    5. 3.5. 3.8 Work 1
  4. 4. 4. Computer Control Unit
    1. 4.1. 4.1 ECU Electronic Control Unit on Car
    2. 4.2. 4.2 Choose MCU
    3. 4.3. 4.3 Work 2
    4. 4.4. 4.4 Input port
      1. 4.4.1. 4.4.1 Switching value
      2. 4.4.2. 4.4.2 Analog value
      3. 4.4.3. 4.4.3 Pulsed quantity
    5. 4.5. 4.5 Output
      1. 4.5.1. 4.5.4 SSR Solid State Relay
    6. 4.6. 4.6 CAN BUS
      1. 4.6.1. 4.6.1 Properties
      2. 4.6.2. 4.6.2 ECU BUS
    7. 4.7. 4.7 Power
    8. 4.8. 4.9 Anti-interference
  5. 5. 5. Engineering machinery automatics
    1. 5.1. 5.1 Cruise Control
      1. 5.1.1. 5.1.1 Principle
      2. 5.1.2. 5.1.2 Control Algorithm PID
    2. 5.2. 5.2 Overload protection
    3. 5.3. 5.3 Automatic Gear Control
    4. 5.4. 5.4 Work 3
    5. 5.5. 5.5 Remote
      1. 5.5.1. 5.5.1 Principle
      2. 5.5.2. 5.5.2 Structure
      3. 5.5.3. 5.5.3 Connection
      4. 5.5.4. 5.5.4 Types
  6. 6. 6. Engineering machinery intellectualization control
    1. 6.1. 6.1 Properties
    2. 6.2. 6.2 Where to change
    3. 6.3. 6.3 ANN Artificial Neural Network
  7. 7. 7. Typical automatic mechaniery

Automation and Intelligentization of Engineering Machine - APS

APS, ME
| visited times

1. Overview

1.1 Concept

  • Type
    • road build
    • crane

1.2 Properties

  • Big power
  • Hydraulic Transmission
  • Multiple form
  • work condition complicated

2. Sensor technology

2.1 Types

  • displacement
  • force
  • speed
  • flow
  • temperature
  • pressure
  • intelligent

2.2 Principle

2.3 Displacement

2.3.1 Simplest

  • limit switch stopper

  • reed switch

  • Photoelectric switch [approach switch]

2.3.2 Resitance

  • 优缺：

    接触式，大的动作力、结构简单、输出信号大、行程大、使用方便、价格低廉、分辨率低、易磨损

    Easy use, also abrade

  • angular displacement sensor

2.3.3 Capacitive [Approach Switch]

  • 优缺点：

    量程小：0～xx毫米；
    精度高：可分辨微米、纳米；
    非接触测量，寿命长；
    可在高温、辐射、振动等条件下工作
    动极板质量小，惯性小，动态响应好
    信号变换电路复杂

    good dynamic response

    mm level

    can work at high temperate

2.3.4 Inductive[Approach switch]

  • 优缺：

    量程小：0～xx毫米；
    精度高：可分辨微米；
    非接触测量，寿命长（电涡流式
    不受油污等影响；
    不适应于高频动态测量；

    no touch measurement

    mm level

    long lifetime

2.3.5 Bar-rier

  • 优缺：

    量程大，可达数米
    分辨率较高，可接近纳米级
    分辨率与量程无关
    使用环境受限：通常0～50度范围
    绝对位移测量较麻烦

    long range

    absolute displacement need sum up

  • angular displacement

2.3.6 Laser Ranging

  • 优缺：

    大量程
    非接触
    使用方便
    价格高

    long range

    no touch

    easy use

    high price

2.4 Oil Pressure Sensor

2.4.1 Simple

Oil pressure switch

2.4.2 Pressure sensor

2.5 Oil temperate sensor

2.5.1 Simple : Oil control switch

like fuse

2.5.2 Temperature Sensor

  • infrared thermometer

2.6 Flow sensor

V-cone flow meter

2.7 Rotational speed sensor

2.8 Intelligent

Definition：(at least one)

  • Multi sensor combination
  • calculation and logic judgement
  • self error detect
  • communication with other

3. Electro-hydraulic servo control & Electro-hydraulic proportional control

3.1 Electro-hydraulic servo valve

  • principle

Electro-hydraulic servo control

  • closed loop control
  • fast response
  • high precision
  • big loss
  • high price

3.2 Proportional Valve

  • open loop
  • low precision
  • low sensitive
  • low price

3.2.1 Direct acting proportional relief valve

3.2.2 Pilot proportional relief valve

3.2.3 Application

3.3 Drive Circuit

PWM Pulse Width Modulation

3.4 Flutter technology [PWM]

3.8 Work 1

4. Computer Control Unit

4.1 ECU Electronic Control Unit on Car

  • MCU

    • CPU
    • memory
    • counter
    • I/O

  • Power

  • Communication

  • I/O: analog & digital

4.2 Choose MCU

  • I/O number
  • RAM capacity
  • Price

4.3 Work 2

4.4 Input port

4.4.1 Switching value

  • non-isolated non level conversion

  • non-isolated level conversion

  • isolated

4.4.2 Analog value

4.4.3 Pulsed quantity

4.5 Output

  • non-isolated triode, relay output

  • optoelectronic isolation

  • non- isolated chip BTS724G drive output

4.5.4 SSR Solid State Relay

4.6 CAN BUS

4.6.1 Properties

  • speed : 1Mbps/40m
  • media : copper line and optic fiber

4.6.2 ECU BUS

4.7 Power

4.9 Anti-interference

  • power
  • ground connection
  • I/O
  • static electricity
  • electromagnetic

  • I/O

    • separate analog and digital
    • sperate strong and weak , high frequency and low frequency, AC and DC
    • twist-pair cable

5. Engineering machinery automatics

5.1 Cruise Control

5.1.1 Principle

5.1.2 Control Algorithm PID

$$u(k)=K_pe(KT)+K_LK_I\sum_{j=0}^{k}e(j)+K_D[e(k)-e(k-1)]$$

5.2 Overload protection

  • protect engine

  • variable displacement motor
  • oil pressure sensor

5.3 Automatic Gear Control

  • Hand grip

  • accelerator : position sensor

  • brake

  • fast downshift

5.4 Work 3

5.5 Remote

5.5.1 Principle

5.5.2 Structure

5.5.3 Connection

5.5.4 Types

  • NRE24E1+MCU+ADC
  • Control handle+nRF24E1+antenna
  • ECU+nRF24E1
  • Computer+nRF24LU1+

6. Engineering machinery intellectualization control

6.1 Properties

  • Information interaction
  • automatic drive
  • automatic work
  • self diagnosis
  • self repair

6.2 Where to change

  • range radar

  • electronic steering system

  • braking system

  • Vision

    • Road recognition
    • Pedestrain

  • GPS

  • Communication between cars

6.3 ANN Artificial Neural Network

7. Typical automatic mechaniery

  • Laser find horizon bulldozer

  • According path auto excavator

  • Intelligent fleet

Copyright © 2020 五维生物, Visited times.
载入天数...载入时分秒...